Rather than concentrate on his studies he spent much time dancing, ice skating and playing billiards. Ohm's father, angry that his son was wasting the educational opportunity that he himself had never been fortunate enough to experience, demanded that Ohm leave the university after three semesters.
Ohm went or more accurately, was sent to Switzerland where, in September , he took up a post as a mathematics teacher in a school in Gottstadt bei Nydau. Karl Christian von Langsdorf left the University of Erlangen in early to take up a post in the University of Heidelberg and Ohm would have liked to have gone with him to Heidelberg to restart his mathematical studies. Langsdorf, however, advised Ohm to continue with his studies of mathematics on his own, advising Ohm to read the works of Euler , Laplace and Lacroix.
For two years he carried out his duties as a tutor while he followed Langsdorf's advice and continued his private study of mathematics. Then in April he returned to the University of Erlangen. His private studies had stood him in good stead for he received a doctorate from Erlangen on 25 October and immediately joined the staff as a mathematics lecturer. After three semesters Ohm gave up his university post.
He could not see how he could attain a better status at Erlangen as prospects there were poor while he essentially lived in poverty in the lecturing post. The Bavarian government offered him a post as a teacher of mathematics and physics at a poor quality school in Bamberg and he took up the post there in January This was not the successful career envisaged by Ohm and he decided that he would have to show that he was worth much more than a teacher in a poor school.
He worked on writing an elementary book on the teaching of geometry while remaining desperately unhappy in his job. After Ohm had endured the school for three years it was closed down in February The Bavarian government then sent him to an overcrowded school in Bamberg to help out with the mathematics teaching.
On 11 September Ohm received an offer of the post of teacher of mathematics and physics at the Jesuit Gymnasium of Cologne. This was a better school than any that Ohm had taught in previously and it had a well equipped physics laboratory. As he had done for so much of his life, Ohm continued his private studies reading the texts of the leading French mathematicians Lagrange , Legendre , Laplace , Biot and Poisson.
He moved on to reading the works of Fourier and Fresnel and he began his own experimental work in the school physics laboratory after he had learnt of Oersted's discovery of electromagnetism in At first his experiments were conducted for his own educational benefit as were the private studies he made of the works of the leading mathematicians.
The Jesuit Gymnasium of Cologne failed to continue to keep up the high standards that it had when Ohm began to work there so, by , he decided that he would try again to attain the job he really wanted, namely a post in a university.
Realising that the way into such a post would have to be through research publications, he changed his attitude towards the experimental work he was undertaking and began to systematically work towards the publication of his results [ 1 ] :- Overburdened with students, finding little appreciation for his conscientious efforts, and realising that he would never marry, he turned to science both to prove himself to the world and to have something solid on which to base his petition for a position in a more stimulating environment.
In fact he had already convinced himself of the truth of what we call today "Ohm's law" namely the relationship that the current through most materials is directly proportional to the potential difference applied across the material. The result was not contained in Ohm's firsts paper published in , however, for this paper examines the decrease in the electromagnetic force produced by a wire as the length of the wire increased. The paper deduced mathematical relationships based purely on the experimental evidence that Ohm had tabulated.
But he was unhappy with the position, which paid poorly, as he would be with most of the teaching posts he held throughout his life. He resigned after a few semesters and accepted another post in Bamberg. In an attempt to improve his prospects, Ohm penned a geometry textbook and began experimental work that he hoped would lead to publishable treatises. The positive reception of the geometry text led to an offer for him to teach at a school in Cologne. Unlike most German scientists at the time, Ohm took a mathematical approach in his considerations of electricity and magnetism.
He finally found the success he had been longing for throughout much of his life in the s. In he received the prestigious Copley Medal from the Royal Society in England, and the following year was honored with foreign membership by the same association. Additional memberships in other scientific organizations soon followed.
Yet behind the unit and the law was a very real man. Someone who performed experiments with phenomena which were at the forefront of the science of the time. Despite being ridiculed by many, Ohm brought understanding to the phenomenon of electrical resistance. Ohm was also a person who had a great insight, he was able to develop his theories with only the most basic measuring techniques and equipment. Georg Simon Ohm was born on the 16th March in a town called Erlangen which is relatively close to Nuremburg and around km north of Munich.
In those days it was in an area known as Brandenburg-Bayreuth, but is now Germany. His father was a locksmith who had a keen interest in the science of the day.
He taught his children a lot of what he had learned and this was to pay dividends for some of them in the years to come. Then young Georg entered secondary school and he showed he was a bright student. He went on from the secondary school to University at Erlangen in Bavaria in Ohm made a good start here, but like so many young people today the social life seemed to have far greater attractions and his studies took second place.
After just over a year he had to leave and bear the anger of his father who had so many hopes for his eldest son. This was particularly annoying because the family had struggled to provide the finances for his education. Ohm had a rather chequered career.
He took up teaching as he had a firm grounding in the science and mathematics of the day from his earlier years. He started in Switzerland and remained here for five years. Ohm returned to Erlangen having learnt some of the hard truths about life. This time he set to work and soon obtained a PhD, although to fund his studies, Ohm took on several teaching posts in both Germany and Switzerland. Having graduated, Ohm decided that he wanted to make something of his career.
He continued his teaching but with the aim of becoming a University professor. He spent a few years moving from one post to another without any real degree of success. To try to break his lack of progress, Ohm decided to publish a book on geometry to gain more recognition. This he did and it worked as he soon became a teacher in Cologne at the Jesuit's College which was very well respected. It was and the phenomenon of electromagnetism had only just been discovered. Ohm was fascinated by them and started to experiment.
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