New York, N. Accessed Feb. Bennett JE, et al. Philadelphia, Pa. American Academy of Dermatology. Human papillomavirus HPV vaccination. Rochester, Minn. HPV vaccine. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed Oct. Anogenital warts. Human papillomavirus HPV and cervical cancer.
World Health Organization. Palefsky JM. Human papillomavirus infections: Epidemiology and disease associations. FDA approves expanded use of Gardasil 9 to include individuals 27 through 45 years old. Food and Drug Administration. Frequently asked questions. Gynecological problems FAQ Abnormal cervical cancer screening test results. At any age, having a new sex partner is a risk factor for getting a new HPV infection.
People who are already in a long-term, mutually monogamous relationship are not likely to get a new HPV infection. There are HPV tests that can be used to screen for cervical cancer.
These tests are only recommended for screening in women aged 30 years and older. HPV tests are not recommended to screen men, adolescents, or women under the age of 30 years. Most people with HPV do not know they are infected and never develop symptoms or health problems from it. Some people find out they have HPV when they get genital warts. Women may find out they have HPV when they get an abnormal Pap test result during cervical cancer screening.
In that same year, there were 13 million new infections. Genital warts: Before HPV vaccines were introduced, roughly , to , women and men were affected by genital warts caused by HPV every year. Cervical cancer: Every year, nearly 12, women living in the U. There are other conditions and cancers caused by HPV that occur in people living in the United States.
Every year, approximately 19, women and 12, men are affected by cancers caused by HPV. This could be an underestimate of the actual number of people who get genital warts.
If you are pregnant and have HPV, you can get genital warts or develop abnormal cell changes on your cervix. Abnormal cell changes can be found with routine cervical cancer screening. You should get routine cervical cancer screening even when you are pregnant.
There is no treatment for the virus itself. However, there are treatments for the health problems that HPV can cause:. Cervical Cancer Screening. Box Rockville, MD E-mail: npin-info cdc. Your health care provider will use a plastic or metal instrument called a speculum to open the vagina, so the cervix can be seen. Your provider will then use a soft brush or plastic spatula to collect cells from the cervix. If you are also getting a pap smear, your provider may use the same sample for both tests, or collect a second sample of cells.
You should not have the test while you are having your period. You should also avoid certain activities before testing. Starting two days before your test, you should not:. There are no known risks to an HPV test. You may feel some mild discomfort during the procedure. Afterward, you may have a little bleeding or other vaginal discharge. No high-risk HPV was found. Your health care provider may recommend you come back for another screening in five years, or sooner depending on your age and medical history.
High-risk HPV was found. It does not mean you have cancer. It means you may be at higher risk for getting cervical cancer in the future. These tests may include:. If your results were positive, it's important to get regular or more frequent tests. It can take decades for abnormal cervical cells to turn into cancer. If found early, abnormal cells can be treated before they become cancerous.
It's much easier to prevent cervical cancer than to treat it once it develops. Learn more about laboratory tests, reference ranges, and understanding results. There is no treatment for HPV, but most infections clear up on their own. You can take steps to reduce your risk of getting HPV. Having sex with only one partner and having safe sex using a condom can lower your risk.
Vaccination is even more effective. The HPV vaccine works best when it's given to someone who has never been exposed to the virus.
So it's recommended to give it to people before they start sexual activity. Usually, a total of two or three HPV shots vaccinations are given, spaced a few months apart.
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